Publishing industry Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Publishing industry - Research Paper Example This factor affects the copy editing and graphic design stages of development. In these stages, marketing and art departments design the product including page size, type and style, layout, and graphics based on the needs of the target market. The current market for publishing products requires digitized books. Therefore, publishing industries are now developing digitized books in order to meet the needs of the target market. The third economic factor affecting the publishing industry is competition. This affects the marketing stage. There are many firms operating in the industry; hence causing competition and reduced sales volumes for existing members of the industry. Finally, the overall economic performance of the country in terms of GDP, Inflation and economic growth affects the industry. Increased GDP means increased purchasing power for the consumers of published products; hence profitability of the industry increases. Inflation causes increase in prices of products and services, including the prices of publishing services. Increased prices then cause low demand, reduced sales and diminishing profits in the industry. Publishing industry has existing firms, and also potential entrants. In USA and Canada, some of the existing firms include: Random House, HarperCollins Publishers Inc, Penguin Group, etc. The existing firms erect barriers to entry of firms using research and technology. The existing firms develop innovations and technologies that are difficult for entrants or other firms to imitate (Siegfried and Evans, 1994). This prevents other firms from entering into the industry successfully. For instance, some firms provide information electronically in order to retain its consumers; hence new entrants find it difficult to get customers. One of the incentives of entry into the industry is expected growth. Another incentive of entry is demand growth. The barriers to entry include: cost differences, economies of scale, limit pricing and excess

Assessment Strategies Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Assessment Strategies Paper - Essay Example The final aspect that ought to be keenly considered is the evaluation tools to be used. The FLEXnet course can use different tools because of the student diversity in order to understand the specific needs of each of the students. In addition, it becomes easy to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the learners. This means that the students will be evaluated in different settings, either in the classroom, in groups, as individuals, and in their distance-learning environment. The importance of individual evaluation is that it helps the student realize their individual weaknesses and strength. As suggested by Billings and Halstead (2009), journals serve as an important evaluation tools especially for a group of learners that exemplify such diversity as the FLEXnet course students. Prior to the resumption of learning, the learner is required to write down their expectations of the course as well as the knowledge that they have of the course. This platform gives the learners an opportunity to express themselves in a non-formal manner. The views of the individual learners are not only important in getting to understand the learner but also facilitate the adoption of relevant teaching approaches. Apart from the pre-class journal, regular evaluations during the learning process are paramount. In this case, the learner is required to write down what they have acquired in the course of learning as well as areas that require improvement (Oermann et al, 2012). The se personal evaluations ensure that the students acquire knowledge, are able to connect relationships with variables as well as facilitating the faculty in implementation of student-centered teaching strategies. A consideration of an evaluation test is also important in order to ensure that the students are in tune with what they learn. Working in groups can help the learner enhance their self-awareness in a group setting. An important strategy for the FLEX net course is the use of group

Relationship between the society and technology

Relationship between the society and technology Technology is very important aspect of human condition as it provides cloths, shelters, foods, transportations etc. Technological determinism is the theory that technology is an autonomous force that changes society and it is also the key force to our society. This provides explanations for many changes that can be observed in society, and it has a very simple cause/effect form. However, this theory is false, if you think you have an instance, it means you are looking at just one part of a much more complex situation, and ignoring the complex social network that supports the technology. However, technology is a major and really the main cause of social change as a lot of changes in the society is largely caused by technology but within human control. The computer and email technology has reduced the period it takes to transmit messages between two parties or more as emails sent electronically can be received immediately, thereby saving lots of man hours, and consequently even reducing human and vehicular traffic as people dont need to sometimes travel to send and receive documents. The computerization of the banking is not necessarily to reduce wage bills and increase profit as new technologies and this computerization brings new employment opportunities for a lot of IT professionals who will manage this technology. The new innovation in banking is to guarantee efficiency and productivity the same applies in the containerization of cargo. Like earlier specified these technologies were not only technologically determined, it did have its economic, social, cultural and political reasons. These technologies did give room for employment as more people gets employed to manage these technologies, the more income and more revenue for government and ultimately growth in economy, thereby causing political stability which has it cultural advantages as a peaceful society is a viable society. A society is an organized group of person associated together for purposes such as social, political and religious, while technology on the other hand is an application or even sometime seen as object. This report will help us to determine which of the above mention attempt that is best in relating both technology and society, their strength and weakness, merits and demerits and possible whether they have been able to really answer to the obvious question of whether the society is inflecting technology or its technology that is influencing the society. 2. TECHNOLOGICAL DETERMINISM Technological determinism is one of the three attempts that this report intends to use in determining the relationship between technology and the society. Before I analyze this attitude or theory, it is important to understand what I mean by technology and society. Technology determinism does explain the relationship between technology and the society, but it does not adequately explain the relationship technology and society. A lot of social changes are also independent as technology does not have any influence. Technology cannot be said to be autonomous as not all social changes and activities are dependent on technology examples are the computer and email technology where informations, messages and documents are sent electronically, not needing people to take mail from one location to another, but this technology is still largely not dependent as the computer cannot send mails on its own, which means its not out of mans control as people still get employment to receive, read and possibly reply mails, so does not cause any redundancy or unemployment. 2.1 Technological Determinism explains relationship between technology and society which asserts that. Technological Determinism is also a popular view about the relationship between technology and society. It is the same Technology Determinism that says new technologies develop the change in society. And the theory presumes that a societys technology drives the development of its social structure and cultural values. Therefore the term technological determinism is an idea, a belief, a theory that human, individual and societal change are caused primarily by technology, that technology is the main agent of social change. However, there is still the debate whether technological determinism is a theory or an attitude. This refers to the belief that technology is the agent of social change. It is both popular attitude, reflected in such expressions as you cant stop progresses and a theoretical position. Looking at the relationship between technological determinism as a theory and as an attitude, determinism is a popular attitude to technology, but it cannot be used as a theory or basis for explaining the relationship between society and technology. 2.2 I believe that quotes B and D are examples of Technology determinism. 2.3 The reasons why I believe quotes B and D are examples of a Technology Determinism approach to technology and society. 3. SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIONISM Social Constructionism is an artefact in a social invention or construction by an individual in a particular society. Also theory that in addition to express the socially designed ways of our social life which can also be in connect with knowledge achieved and develop within society context, as opposed to realism. (Nilsen) Social Constructionism is a term used theories that express the socially originated way of our social life. (Marshall, 1994). Main feature of Social construction theory is viewing knowledge as socially distributed. Through origin relationship between knowledge and its social base knowledge becomes a social product and a factor in social change. Social distribution of knowledge has implications for social construction of identity, depending on which identity is appropriate or desired at a specific point in time. As a result, whatever the experts do, the pluralistic situation changes not only the social position of the traditional definitions of reality, but also the way in which these are held in the consciousness of individuals ( Berger Luckmann, p. 115). 3.1 The main features of this theory areà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ 3.2 The quotes which I think best illustrate SCism are W and Y. 3.3 The reasons why I think W and Y are written from a SCist perspective areà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ 4. SOCIAL SHAPING Social shaping is theory that addressed the outcomes or impacts of technological change, the design patterns and implementation of technology. In recent years, social shaping has increased and also gained its recognition. It thus goes beyond traditional approaches, concerned merely to assess the `social impacts of technology, to examine what shapes the technology which is having these impacts, and the way in which these impacts are achieved (MacKenzie and Wajcman 1985). Technological change is often seen as something that takes its own way. 4.1 This theory about the relationship between tech. and society can be explained as followsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ 4.2 identify quotes 4.3 state why you have chosen these quotes. 5. CONCLUSION 6. BIBLIOGRAPHY Alphabetical list of all books, websites, articles etc used in preparing report. FORMAT: Author/editors last name then initial, (date of publication), title in italics, place of publication: place of publication. Forester, T. (1987) High-Tech Society, Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

Rousseau’s Theory about Education

â€Å"The neglected education of my fellow-creatures is the grand source of the misery I deplore.†-Mary Wollstonecraft, A Vindication of the Rights of Women. Rousseau and Wollstonecraft believed that children should be allowed to grow freely and learn to use their education practically. Children would then grow up to be free thinking adults that would keep soceity from becoming materialistic and oppressing. Nonetheless, they vehemently disagreed on who should receive such an education. Rousseau thought that only males, because they are stronger should receive such and education. Wollstonecraft believed everyone, no matter what sex, should be able to be educated to reform and better society as a whole. Though both their works were considered extreme, they are both apparent in the public education system of today. Wollstonecraft (1759-1797) and Rousseau (1712-1778) both agreed that society oppressed human kind, but Wollstonecraft felt that men were oppressing women. They both believed that education should mean letting children grow freely and placing little restrictions. They should protect them from immediate dangers and provide food and shelter. They should not, however, force books and controlled learning upon the children. He thought that children should also develop common sense and each child would choose whatever interests him to study in greater detail. He thought that this method of education would produce a well balanced, free thinking child. Therefore this would lead to a natural society rather than a materialistic one. Rousseau†s theory of natural education was not intended for all children. He felt that girls should be limited motherhood, and how to be a wife. To Rousseau, women exist in order to serve man, because they are weaker. Wollstonecraft stated that women should be taught medicine in order to take care of parents, infants, and husbands properly. She endorsed equal education for all children no matter what the sex. They should not only be taught the same things, but should be taught together, to learn social interaction they would encounter as adults. Girls and boys would attend day school together and then boys would be sent to their apprenticeships and girls would learn how to sew and other skills. Wollstonecraft tried to prove that by denying a woman†s education you are denying her the ability to raise children adequately. Therefore it would benefit both sexes if women were properly educated. Rousseau was applauded for advocating human rights and natural education but when it concerned women he broke no new ground. He actually promoted women†s role as a wife and mother present to serve her husband. He stated that because women were weaker physically that their minds were as well. Wollstonecraft upheld his philosophy of natural education to encourage individual freedom to benefit society. However, she detested his treatment of women. She advised that women and men should both be educated, and educated together. Both of Emile and The Vindication of the Right†s of Women were considered radical, they were both revolutionaries. Emile impacted practical applications, and the exploration of natural curiosity in education. Wollstonecraft†s radical idea of educating boys and girls equally, and together are applied on public education today.

Planning To Meet Customer Requirements Essay

1(a)This assignment is based on organization called the Better business bureau located in North America. The fundamental aim of this organization is to ensure that business men achieve high standards and maintain them. The vision of the organization is an ethical market place where buyers and sellers can trust each other. The mission of the better bureau is to be the leader in advancing market place trust. The better business bureau is able to accomplish its mission by ensuring   that it works in a community of trustworthy businesses since the main aim of the business is to train its members on how to maintain their business ,hence it is easy to motivate business men to be trustworthy to each other. To accomplish its mission the better business bureau has set standards for market place trust. The main objective of the better business bureau is to setting up good standards in the market that promote trust. To fulfill its mission the better business bureau encourages and supports best practices. As being a good role model in the market place the better business bureau is main target is encouraging and supporting practices among businessmen. (b). one of the main objective of the business is celebrating market place role models. As a mentor that is encouraging good business practices the better business bureau acts as a good role model among business men. Another other main important objective for the better business bureau is denouncing substandard market place behavior. The organization is against bad business behaviors and untrustworthy business men practices. (c). Denouncing substandard market place behaviors has encouraged the organization to work closely with its members. Through the internet the better business bureau is always in contact with its customers thus encouraging good business behaviors among them. To ensure that high standards are set and maintained the better business bureau offer affordable education to all its members. The better business bureau also promotes the standards set by its members. To celebrate market place role model has been achieved by the better business bureau because the organization accepts only competent business to its system. Any qualified businesses do not qualify to becoming members of the organization. 2.(a) Stake holders The better business bureau has got many employees, customers and shareholders. The main stakeholders for the better business bureau are businessmen. i. Customers: The main customers for the better business bureau are businessmen. The better business bureau is an international organization for 133 better business bureaus across North America. The better business bureau has got 380, 000 business members that range in size from local enterprises to multinational corporations.   The better business bureau offers many services to its customers, like the better business bureau military line. This is mainly designed to meeting specific consumer needs of military personnel. The organization also has an international students ethic award where scholarships are offered to competent students.   ii. a).Employees: the better business bureau has got many employees. The main ones are accountants, managers, web designers, clerks, and the junior staff. The accountants are mainly involved in maintaining and ensuring that the better business bureau offers its services to standard, they oversee the day performance of the business. Also the web designers have been working hard in ensuring that the organization is well networked, with it business members by developing and ensuring that updated computer programmes have been designed that meet the requirements of the company. b) The employees of the better business bureau ensure the smooth running of its operations. For example the web designers ensure that the business is well networked with all its customers globally. The accountants of the better business bureau ensure that its records are well maintained and updated. The accounts also regularly countercheck the performance of the business members of the organization.   The customers of the better business bureau determine its performance. When many businesses join the bureau its performance improves. Quality: The quality of a product is the degree of the production perfection. Every product has to be manufactured to a particular specification regarding dimension, surface finish and hardness. Quality services: means offering of services that meet and fulfill the requirements of the customers. Quality management: This is a system that a company lays down in ensuring that it achieves its objectives. Quality management involves procedures and means involved in measuring and maintaining the quality of products or services offered by a company. c) Quality standards. The better business bureau has set up quality standards that monitor the daily performance of its duties. The better business bureau has been putting some measures like introducing online services that are set towards improving the quality of services the company offers. To promote the quality of services the company offers it has promoted the public trust in advertising. The better business bureau does its advertisement in order to foster truth and accuracy in national advertising through voluntary self-regulation.   To improve the quality of services the better business bureau offers it the business has been using online services to report its operations. d) Quality audit. The better business bureau offers quality services to its customers. The better business bureau meets the needs of its customers by enabling its customers to be using an online reporting and evaluation system. Through the internet customers make their requests to the company and they get the necessary feed back through the internet. Only competent and trustworthy businesses are member: The better business bureau encourages quality in its services by registering only qualified businesses as its members. The organization does not encourage illegal business practices among its members. The organization also supports many other good programs. The business offers other community services like scholarships to need students within the community. 4) Information review: To create a healthy, safe and productive working environment some information are essential. First information about a particular company is crucial. To understand its objectives, mission and vision. After understanding the objectives, mission and vision of the company then its possible to create a conducive working environment. To create a conducive working environment there should be a well laid down organizational structure for the company. The employees should understand their duties well. A good relationship should also exist between the junior and senior staff. To create a safe working environment all the employees should understand the necessary safety precautions, they should follow in performing their duties, they should also understand other necessary rules to be followed in performing their duties. For encouraging a productive working environment employees should be well conversant to their work. They should understand all the procedures of performing a specific task. b) The guidance that is in our work place that creates a healthy, safe and productive work environment is through regular training of employees. The better business bureau offers regular training to its employees on how to, have a heath work environment by encouraging employees to co-ordinate and network among themselves in ensuring that the required standards of working are achieved at the work place. The organization promotes a save working environment by encouraging its employees to observe safely measures like how to control emergence situation like fire in case of an emergence. The company also encourages a productive working environment by training its employees adequately. The better business bureau has trained its employees to be at a better position of offering recommended services to its customers. Training: The better business bureau trains its business managers on how to encourage many businesses to join the organization. The business managers are taught on how to face business men and how to promote good business practices in their businesses. For the better business bureau to create a healthy and productive environment among its members it usually monitors on their performance. Only businesses with performance, that is according to the required standards that the better business bureau serves. Risk analysis: (i)Political situations:- The political situation of America and other countries can affect the smooth running of the better business bureau. The political situation of countries that have member businesses registered with the better business bureau affect the smooth running of the organization. (ii)Exchange rates:-Due to high prices of oil and food, the global economy is performing poorly thus affecting the strength of the dollar particularly to poor countries. Thus the better business bureau being an international organization will be greatly affected. Potential business: -It becomes difficulty for the better business bureau to determine genuine businesses. Since the better business bureau deals only with competent business it becomes difficulty to know the trustworthy once. iv. Facing competition: the better business bureau faces competition from other international organization. Hence it is likely to lose some of its potential customers.

3 Things That Can Improve Your Resume

3 Things That Can Improve Your Resume Surprising Things You May Not Know about Resumes Job recruiters and employers receive first impressions about you while learning the resume. It is summary of you skills and experience, which shows your goals, gains and life position. No wonder that people often are even not invited for interviews. Resume shows and specifies many details, basing on which employer decides, whether it makes sense to perform any further actions. Every self-respecting person, who only starts his/her career or has certain professional ambitions, should follow all innovations for resume creation and use smart tips. Actually, even if you are satisfied with your job at the moment, having a relevant resume is "a must", since there are always new opportunities and interesting offers. We want to draw your attention to some very important things, which you should bear in mind while completing your resume. These tips seem very simple, but at the same time they appear to be extremely effective. Customize Your Resume for Each Position When we speak about the customization, we do not mean lying or writing achievements, which you do not have. Anyhow, it is important to make correct emphasis and catch employer's interest to some of your strong points. For example, you apply for the position of the sales manager. It is clear that this job requires knowledge of the product and sufficient communication skills. Now you have to think. Recall all your participations in the social events, speeches or presentations. Everything will be useful: starting with the first experience of communication skills at school and university, up to participating in conferences and any public speaking. Thus, you need to include into the resume those facts, which are decisive for recruiter. Such approach definitely increases your chances for success. Be Attentive and Make no Mistakes When you see mistakes in your text, it means sleepless nights or overloading with the academic papers for you. Due to all those deadlines at college and volumes of the tasks at work you often do not have time for reviewing your resume. And that is a big mistake. You will hardly manage to find the employer, who does not pay attention to grammar ignorance. Even the smallest misspelling makes recruiter think that you are not attentive, careless and unconcerned. Who wants to hire such employee? Set right priorities and if you really want new position, find ten minutes to check the grammar and refine you resume. Specify Truth about Your Academic and Work Experience It is the common method of numerous job searchers, to add some skill or knowledge, which they, in fact, do not possess. We are sure that it is unreasonable approach to resume making. First of all, it is not very good to start cooperation with the deceit. Secondly, what will you do, if you receive a task related to the imagined skill? Such state of affairs can cause unpleasant situation, which at least can result in the shameful feelings. However, some employers can even punish you with the negative recommendations and this is no laughing matter. To avoid such issues, write truth. If you really want some job but have not enough skills, it is always better to be honest and show your strong desire to learn. Recruiters often appreciate honesty and strength to confess the real situation. Make your job hunting more efficient and pleasant, use our advices and show employers that you deserve good position. Your future is in your hands, do your best to make it great!

How to beat writers block - Emphasis

How to beat writers block How to beat writers block Someone once said that writing is easy. You just sit at your keyboard and wait till the beads of blood form on your forehead. For anyone who has ever suffered from writers block (and thats all of us), this will be a familiar scenario. It doesnt have to be that way though: you can beat writers block. But first you need to realise what causes it. Fight the fear Usually its down to two things: fear and lack of information. You dont have to dislike a subject to fear writing about it. In fact, your document could be about something that you find fascinating and it might still cause you problems. The trouble is that we worry that as soon as we put fingers to keyboard, reality will set in. Were afraid that it wont be perfect, that people may disagree with us or that well mess it up. Well, heres the first truth: all those fears might come true. And heres the second: it doesnt matter. Yes, it doesnt matter if its not perfect. In fact, nothing is ever perfect. The key is to realise that success is not perfection. To misquote General George Patton, better to have an imperfect report today than a perfect one in six weeks time. Because if you dont write it at all, it doesnt matter how much potential your document has. And what could be more galling than avoiding writing a perfect document and losing out to someone who wrote an imperfect one? Get what you need If fear isnt the issue, then probably its that you dont know what to write. In other words, you lack information. So get it. Perhaps you dont know what your reader expects. If so, then filling out a reader-profile questionnaire should help. (You can download one here.) And if youre still not sure, why not ask your reader or someone who knows them better than you do some well-targeted questions? Be sure to think the topic through first though, to show that youre not just being lazy. Brainstorm all that you know already with a mind map or some similar tool then put question marks against all topics that need a little more research. Whatever it is you need to know, acknowledge that, then go and find out. A few words of warning though: make sure you really do need to know it, and that youre not just being a perfectionist. Remember, success is not perfection. Kick-start your writing Finally, here are a few practical tips to get you going: Plan first. Planning can be a great way to ease yourself into the writing itself. Besides, its critical to separate the thinking from the writing, otherwise your document could end up a jumbled mess that makes sense only to you. Planning first does exactly that. Pick a leading task. Sitting and stewing will only increase your stress and muddle your thinking. So pick something that you need to do before you can write such as launching your word-processing program or opening the folder that contains the information you need. Then do that first. This will begin to put you in action mode, and make the writing itself easier. Planning is a good leading task, incidentally (see above). Set a time. Pick a time to start writing, and do your leading task just beforehand. As the time to write approaches, you should start to feel energised and able to get going. Pick an introduction. There are four types of introduction, and picking one of these types gives you (and your reader) an instant in. For instance, the Historical intro type contrasts what used to happen last year/decade or whenever with whats happening now, and creates a real sense of movement in your readers mind. Give yourself a time limit. If after all this, youre still paralysed with fear, then simply set yourself a time limit. Resolve to write for five minutes and only five minutes. This usually works where all other methods fail. After all, how bad can five minutes be? What usually happens with the last technique is that you start writing more quickly as the time limit approaches which sets you up nicely for writing the rest of the document. You need to be honest for this method to work though. So do allow yourself to stop after five minutes if youre really not happy. Then set a time to do another five minutes. You almost certainly wont need many five minutes sessions before youre in full flow.